HáÄek
Pronunciation
- IPA: /ˈhÉ‘Ëtʃɛk/, enPR: häʹchÄ•k
- Estuary English, IPA: ˈhÉ‘Ëtʃɛk
- GenAm, IPA: ˈhɑtʃɛk
- New York, IPA: ˈhɑətʃɛk
- Boston, IPA: ˈhaËtʃɛk
- Australia, IPA: ˈhaËtʃek
- New Zealand, IPA: ˈhÉËtʃek
- South Africa enPR: häʹchÄ•k, IPA: ˈɦɑËtʃɛk
- RP IPA: /ˈhætʃɛk/, enPR: hăʹchĕk
- RP, IPA: ˈhætʃɛk
- Geordie, IPA: ˈhatʃɛk
- Czech IPA: ˈɦaËtʃɛk,
Alternative forms
- haÄek (attested since 1956), hacek (1959), hachek (1969)
- rare: haċek (1967), hatcheck (1981), hatschek (1983), hatchek (1988), hacheck (1990), hac̬ek (1992), haczek (1995), hácek (1997), haĉek (2002), haceck (2003)
c, e, l, ü (used in pinyin), ѯ, and
Origin
First attested in 1951; from the Czech háÄek ("háÄek", literally little hook), the diminutive of hák ("hook") (from Middle High German hÄken, from Old High German hÄko ("hook"), from Proto-Germanic *hakô ("hook"), from Proto-Indo-European *keg-, *keng- ("peg, hook")) + the diminutive suffix -ek. Cognate with and formed like English hooklet and German Häkchen. Also cognate with Old English haca ("hook, door-fastening") and modern English hake (more information below).
Full definition of háÄek
Noun
- (orthography and typography) A caron; a diacritical mark (ˇ) usually resembling an inverted circumflex, but in the cases of Ä, Ľ, ľ, and Å¥ resembling a prime (′) instead.
- 1948, Bohumil Emil Mikula, Progressive Czech (Bohemian), page 6:The caret (ˇ), háÄek
- 1951, Hans Jakob Polotsky, Notes on Gurage Grammar, page 5:Linguistic forms had to be set in ordinary roman type and the capital C of Cäxa had to be left without a háÄek.
- 1956, Morris Halle (editor), For Roman Jakobson, page 332:Good Teutonic Kitsch looks rather forlorn and out of place wearing a Bohemian háÄek over its shrunken hind quarters. But the high traditions of scholarship must be maintained, and on these pages Meester Kitsch will masquerade as Mr. KiÄ.
- 1966, Charles Ernest Bazell et al. (editors), In Memory of John Rupert Firth, page 205:In the system used here and elsewhere in this article for Bantu tone, low syllables are unmarked, high syllables have an acute accent, and rising syllables a haÄek respectively; thus a, á, ÇŽ.
- 1991, Peter Hugh Reed, American Record Guide LIV:ii, page 69The printer had no hatchek — the flattened “v†that appears over letters in Czech — to put over Dvořak’s R. So somebody laboriously inked in all the hatcheks.
- 2002, Torbjörn Lundmark, Quirky QWERTY, page 34háÄek used to signify the third tone (wÇ” — ‘five’)
- 2005, Stavroula Varella, Language Contact and the Lexicon in the History of Cypriot Greek, page 46:Another orthographic practice ... was developed ... in the twentieth century: this is the adoption of the hacek for the representation of the Cypriot postalveolar fricatives and affricates, which are otherwise not distinguished by the normal characters of the Greek alphabet alone. It was not until very recently, therefore, that the spellings <σ̌>, <τσ̌>, <ζ̌> and <τζ̌>
- 2006, Mary Betik Trojacek, Beyond Ellis Island, page 17:My father always wrote BÄ›tik with a little “v†called haĉek, above the “eâ€; MaruÅ¡aks placed the haĉek above the “sâ€.
- For more examples of the usage of this term see , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , and .
Synonyms
- (háÄek diacritic) caret non-standard, caron, chevron informal, Äiriklo when used in Romani, clicka‎ rare, hat non-standard, rare, hook rare, inverted caret informal, inverted circumflex informal, inverted hat non-standard, mäkÄeň when used in Slovak, palatal hook rare, when it takes the form of a prime, streÅ¡ica when used in Slovene, wedge US, wing informal, rare
Coordinate terms
- (diacritics used in Latin-derived scripts) acute accent (above (´), below (Ë), double acute accent (Ë)), apostrophe (ʼ), breve (above (˘), below ( Ì®)), bridge ( ̪), candrabindu ( Ì), cedilla (¸), circumflex (above (ˆ), below ( Ì)), comma (above right ( Ì•), below ( ̦), reversed comma (ʽ), turned comma (Ê»)), diaeresis (above (¨), below ( ̤)), dot (overdot (Ë™), underdot ( Ì£)), grave accent (above (`), below (ËŽ), double grave accent ( Ì)), háÄek (above (ˇ), below ( ̬)), half ring (left (Ê¿), right (ʾ)), hook (above ( ̉), palatal hook ( Ì¡), retroflex hook ( Ì¢), rhotic hook (Ëž)), horn ( Ì›), inverted breve (above ( Ì‘), below ( ̯), double inverted breve ( Í¡ )), inverted bridge ( ̺), inverted double arch ( Ì«), left angle ( Ìš), low line (single ( ̲), double ( ̳)), macron (above (¯), below (Ë)), minus (Ë—), ogonek (Ë›), overline (single (‾), double ( Ì¿)), plus (Ë–), ring (above (Ëš), below ( Ì¥)), seagull ( ̼), solidus (long ( ̸), short ( Ì·)), square ( Ì»), stroke (long ( ̶), short ( ̵)), tack (down (Ë•), left ( ̘), right ( Ì™), up (Ë”)), tilde (above (Ëœ), below ( Ì°), double tilde ( Í ), middle
overlay ( Ì´), vertical tilde ( ̾)), umlaut (¨), vertical line (above (ˈ), below (ËŒ), double ( ÌŽ)), x (Ë£) - (Czech diacritics) Äárka (´), háÄek (ˇ), kroužek (Ëš), teÄka (Ë™)
Derived terms
- háÄek coefficient optics
- háÄek language informal
- háÄekless rare